In the survey template you can add the below style to the CSS box to limit the width of your  matrix question.

To widen a matrix so that the columns are even: (you would set the column width on the edit item page) 

To over-ride that with the survey template add the below to the CSS box:

.MatrixDynamic{width:1300px;} 


(1300px is the width in pixels of the entire matrix question)


To change the width of the first column of the matrix:

.SurveyMatrixHeadingRowText{width:350px;} 


1. SELECT A TEMPLATE THAT IS RESPONSIVE OR SET TO 100% SCREEN WIDTH OR WIDER THAN WHAT YOU NEED FOR THE MATRIX.  (ALL TEMPLATES THAT START WITH THE WORD _THEME ARE RESPONSIVE)

2.  EDIT THE SURVEY TEMPLATE (TEMPLATE > EDIT) BY PASTING THE EXAMPLE LINE INTO THE CUSTOM STYLESHEET BOX, THEN CLICKING SAVE ON THE EDIT TEMPLATE PAGE.